Why Is the Lumbar Spine Important?

Your lumbar spine (lower back) is made up of five vertebrae (L1–L5) that support the upper body, allow for movement and flexibility, and protect the spinal cord and nerves.
These bones are connected by joints, discs, and ligaments, working together to:

• Support weight

• Allow bending, twisting, and movement

• Keep nerves protected as they travel to your legs

When the spinal canal or openings for nerves become too narrow—often due to arthritis, disc herniation, or thickened ligaments—it can compress nerves, causing:

• Lower back pain

• Leg pain or numbness (sciatica)

• Weakness or difficulty walking

What Is Lumbar Spinal Decompression?

Spinal decompression surgery is designed to relieve this pressure on the spinal nerves. The goal is to improve pain, mobility, and quality of life.

How Is the Procedure Done?

There are several types of decompression techniques:

1. Laminectomy – Removes part of the bone (lamina) that is pressing on nerves.

2. Discectomy – Removes part of a herniated disc that’s pressing on a nerve.

3. Foraminotomy – Enlarges the openings where nerves exit the spine.

Modern Minimally Invasive Techniques

Today, many decompression procedures use advanced, minimally invasive approaches, which may include:

• ✅ Microsurgery: A small incision with a microscope to remove tissue precisely

• ✅ Tubular retractors: Gently move muscles aside instead of cutting through them

• ✅ Intraoperative navigation and imaging: Real-time guidance for accurate and safe surgery

• ✅ Endoscopic spine surgery: A camera and small tools are inserted through a keyhole incision

Benefits of Minimally Invasive Decompression

• Smaller incision and less muscle damage

• Shorter hospital stay (often same-day discharge)

• Faster recovery and return to daily life

• Less pain after surgery

• Lower risk of infection or complications

Is This Surgery Right for You?

You might be a candidate for lumbar decompression if you have:

• Nerve pain that hasn’t improved with rest, physical therapy, or medications

• Trouble standing or walking due to leg weakness or numbness

• Confirmed nerve compression on imaging (MRI or CT scan)